Some current and temperature observations in the Mediterranean outflow west of Gibraltar;

Seite 20-4~ lkrlin. Stuttg:1rt

I

^{Dezember 1974}

Some current and temperature observations in the Mediterranean outflow west of Gibraltar;

a data report

by

\\ .-\LlTI{ ZE:"K, lmtitut für .\leereskund~.: an Jcr L'niH·rsit:it I-.::icl

\Yith 45 figures and l tabk

Beobachtungen der Strömungs- und Temperatur- verhältnisse im 1\littclmecrausstrom westlich Gibraltar; eine Datcn-Ohcrsicht

Xu s,

1/ll .'Ji ( !~/~!S

s

m1.~

..:\uf Jer ,.-:\ordo:;t-.\tlantik-Expedition" mit F. S.

,).Ieteor" wurden im Frühjahr 1971 einen :Olonat lang auf 7 Positionen '\\"estlich yon Gibraltar mit 29 Strommessern und S Therrni5torketten die Tem- peratur- und Strürnungs\Trh;iJtnisse beobachtet. Die Geräte waren \·orwicgend rur Registrierung derzeit- lichen Y crändcrlichkcit des durch die Straße von Gibraltar in den 1\tlantik ausfließenden .Mittclmeer- wassers bestimmt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Zeitserien der Temperatur- und StrornYariationen, deren ;\rnplitudenspektrcn und Jic aneinander ge- reihten Stromyektoren als Basis für die weitere Be- arbeitung daq~cstellt. Charakteristische Perioden- bereiche der 7eitlichen \⁷cränderlichkcit lassen sich aus dem yorhandcnen Datenmaterial direkt ablesen.

.AbsträC!

At

se\·en sitcs \\TSt of Gibraltar current and tempera- turc yariations of tbc ..\lcditcrranean outflow wcrc observcd during onc month in spring 1971. This paper presents the obtaincd rccorcls of 29 current rneters and

5

thcrmistor cables in thc form of time series, amplitudc spcctra, and progressive ycctor diagrams as a basis for further evaluation. Character- istic fcatures of the currcnts likc mcan spce<.ls, mcan directions and thc pcrioc.licity of the yariation can bc seen directly from the gken plots.

Introduction

The main problern to be investigated during thc

"Northeast Atlantic Expedition" with P. S. "..\lcteor"

was the dfcct of tht: ..\.Icditcrr-.ulcan water on thc :-tratification Jnd mixing of sct \\·:un anJ on the Sedimentation at thc contincnt.t! dupc wcst of Gibraltar. Various time Sl'til'~ ()f tL·mpnaturl's and currL·nts wcrc ohtained

by

!Til..'.l!lS ( ,f ~c\Tll subsurhcc moorings. They wcrc pbcnl in arc:IS whcn: thc undcrcurn:nt has closc conuct td t!lL' sca floor, whcre thc outf!ow starts its hori;.-:ont.ll ']HL'ading, and in Jeep watcr with thc :Olcc.litcrr·.Hlc.v.l corc at interme- diate

lcn:b.

Details abnut thc pd--itions of the moor- ing sitcs and thcir rcbtion to t hL· outflow clunncls arc <.kscribeJ in the report of thc C!H>rdinator of thc expcdition (Srr.OLER 1972).

'fhis p:1per prcsents thc sd of data from the moared instrumcnts in graphicd form as a basis for further c\·aluation.

Ins trurncn tat ion

The moorin~ tcchniquc applicd i:1 this investi:sation has hccn dcYdoped at thc Inqitut flir :\lccreskunde, Kiel (SIEDLER ct al. 1910, E:'\Cl r.'.I.\"" 1972). Thc cffcct of oscillations of thc Jll()! >rin:_o;'> can probably bc neglcctcd hcre bccausc thc ~L'rhors wcrc mostly placcd in the nearbottom .\leditcrr.tnl..'an outflmv. In gcncral, thc mooring inclination was mainly con- trollcd by rather strong mcan curn:nts. All arrars were Ctjuipped \Vith A-andcr:1:1. mctns and thermistor cabks (J\A:SDER.-\.4.. 1964, 1967). Tbc clocks used werc cspecially dc\·cloped for these !11L'tcrs hy thc Institut für Satellitenelektronik (BCc.K!.I'.I:\ 1971). The main advantagc of thc crystal clocks is tlwir high rcliability.

On the averagc thc clocks lost approximatcly 4 sec pcr Jay. Thc sampling rate of thc instruments was oncc cvery 5 min. for the currcnt meters and once

:-,,,111..: curn·nt :mJ tcmpcr.uurc oho.;L·n:HJ•Jns in thc \lcditcrr.liK:tn outflow \\C~t of G1hr.dt.tr 21 c\"cn· 10 min. for thc thcrmistor cahlcs. Thc local

magnctic dc\ i.ttion for thc arca of im·cstigation was takcn into account during thc data pron:ssing.

L'nfortunatd~ it \\-:ts not possibk to n:calibratc thc thcrmi~tors a ~hort time bcforc thc cruisc. Thc bst calihration \\ as donc 1--l months bcforc thc cxpcdition.

Apparcntly thl· drift c:-..cccdcd thc spccifications oYrr this pcriod, anti thcrdorc thc mcan yaJuc at ncigh- bouring kn·l-., '-OllKtimcs diffcrs con-.,idcrably. 1~. g.

rccord 20 102 T I at ";"0--l m dcpth on thc an: rage i~

0.13 C lo\\'L'f th:111 rccord 20 101 Tat 697 m. It can, ho\\TYcr, hc :1'-"llmcd that thc driftwas snull for thc pcri(lll t)f tl1i" cxpcrimcnt, and thc fluctuation:.

prcscntcd hnv :nc not conraminatcd br thc drift.

Of 3(J in<.,\rtltlll'llts moorcJ two ga\·c no dara at all. In addition, rlTord 19 102 only lastet! for 2/3 of rhc moorin~ I"'' riod iKTausc of barrcry prublcms. :\

lcaha!-':e at thc lmnr end of thc thcrmistor cablc 19 IO-l Cll::'cd .1 L1ilurc of thc lO\n·r o.;cnsor:',

Thc pmition" (d thc monrings arc gin·n in fig. I, thc duration of tLL· indiYidual rccords is indicatcd in fig. 2. ThL· ohu:ncd tbta arc giH~O in thc SCtjU<.:ncc of rhcir lL\1 rdt rLIKl' numhcrs (19 -- 2.J) following thc .\lcditcrr.ull':ln (lutf!ow from ca"t to \\Tst. Thc mcan CI.Hrt·nts and tl1, nKall tcmpcraturcs wen: suhtractcd bdorc plottill" thl· c;bt (C) and north (\') compo- nults of th· l u:·r,nts and thc ttmpcraturc (T). D.1ta points ~cl,ct;.(] .11 t~·n minutc intcr\'als \\Trc uscd for thc gr.tphic.ll rrl''-Ciltatiun. Tbc Ycrtical rcfcn .. ·nc<.:

lincs indiCJ!l' \.._ l-l·h,. Tbc amplitudc spcctra for the pniod r.tn·~l· 120 h \\'Cfl' computnl from thc unfiltnnl tin~l· "~riL·s. lkcausc of thc grcat simil:uit~

of tcmpcr.ttur~· 'T'cctra for ncighbouring tkpth k\'(:ls, only st·kctnl "pcctr:l arc gi\'(.'!l for thc thcrmistor cabks. Thc ~cmi-diurnal ~[2 pcriod and highcr bar- monies and th,· loc1l incrtial pcriod (21 h) arc gi\'C:n as rdnt·ncc l!ncs. Tn ordcr to prcsl'lll thc prcdomi- nant currult dircctions, a sct of pro.~~n:ssi\'l· \'cctor Jia.~ram ... \\·a-., plottcd.

Tahlc 1

T.thcllc 1

I f.\1

Summ..try of prc-;entcd d:tta, indicating numhero.; tlf figurco;;: L, V -E:1st, north componcnt<i of currcnt; T - Tcmpcra- rurc.

Z.us:1mmcnf.lssun.s.o: der <brgcstclltcn Daten mir :\ng,tb<.: der Ahhildungs- nummcrn: l '. \' - Ost-, :\ordkompo- n<.:ntc des Stn,meo.;; T Temperatur.

he!:llfl' :\'().

\],Jorin.s.o: Time ~crico.;. \mplitude ~pccrr.1 Pro-

"\:o. .C!:feSSl \'t

\'ector l, V T l • \' I' Di:Igr.1ms

19 3 4, 5, () 9 7, ~ 10

20

12 11, L\ 14 15 16

21 ^1X 17 19 20 21

22 23 22 24 25 26

>'

--'

^{2:-l 27 2') 30 31}

24 32, .'>5 33, Yl 3-l, 3') .17, 38 40

25 41 42,43 44 45

.

-lrknowla(~{ IJ/1111

This work wa~ 5-urportcd l)\- thc Deutsche For-

~chungsgcmcinschaft, Bonn-R:1J Godcsbcrg.

Rdcrenccs

.\<~.:--..uJ.H.\ \,

J.

R. (lWA): .\ reo,nling anJ telemetering insrruml·nt. Tcch. J{cp. :\:\TO Suh. Comm. on Oe.

Res., 16: 53 pp.

(1967): ()pcr.tting m.tnu:tl for recnrJin~ current mcrer. Scri:1l nrJ. 42 (J(,, :\esttun, 30 pp.

!)t'CKLU:O...:, H. (11J71): J:inl·l(lcinquarzuhr zur Steuerung ,-on .\lcllsonden fur die \lccrco.;fiJrschun!!. DF\'LI{-

~achricllten, 5: 1%-19B. ~

.'-CLL\L\:0...:'<, I I. (1¹)'72): l'ntcr~uchun.c:cn an Kumponn1- ten für Ticf\,·.tsscn cr.tnkcn11l!..!:"S\'Stcmc. - Kiclcr .\lecresf<Jr<ich., 28 (2): 110-120. -

'-'JIIlLl.lt, G. (I!J72): :-...:ordost-.\t1.!11tik-Expedition 1971, J..::oordi 11.1 tt 1rbcric h t. :--.1 ctcor -l·or~c h .- Ergcbn. :\, 10, 'i'.J-95.

"'lLDLLl{, G. &

c;_

(;tq:-.~IIOll (1970): Tiefwasscr-\'cr-

.tnkerun~ssvstcm<.: d~:-; Instituts fLir :.rccrcskundc Kiel. 'Ki~lcr .\ln·rc..,fnrsrh., 26 (1): 21-42.

Rt"Ct:in:d: 21. !J. 11)73

22

PORTUGAL

---::

---

")

20oo"'

go

ao

23 •

22 21

~·

7' Fig. 1. .\Llr <>f :1rc.l inH:qig-atcd by 1-'. S. ).Ictcor in sprin~

1971. _.\looring ~itcs ;md rcspecti \-c IL\1 rcfcrcncc numbcrs :1rc indicatcJ.

I ...

^{. , d~ptl> SrMOf I}

' I

(m) tF .. Rrl No ₁₁D• OrPth (m 019101 thl 50t·S51

019102 VI 551 -11lPE DRIVE STOPP[D- - SPAIN

6°

w

Abb. 1. Karte des Lntersuchungs_L:ci,Jctcs von F. S, :\Ietcor im Frühj:1hr 1971. Orte und zu~:chörigc IL\J.Vcr·

ankcrungsm1mmcrn sind gckcnnn:ichncr.

- - - ·

'"

⁰¹⁹¹⁰³ ₀₁₉₁₀₄ ^{- -NO ~E(QQO- - - -}

019105 020101 010102 1017 010103 010104 020105

I ⁰²¹¹⁰¹ ₀₂₁₁₀₂

I

""

⁰²¹¹⁰³

021104 022101 022102 HOO 022103 022104

022~05

023101 023102

I

I

,.,

023103 023104 024101 02,102 024103

- - - OU104 n,.

024105 024106 024107 024108 025101 025102

"'

⁰²⁵¹⁰³ ₀₂₅₁₀₄

I I

⁰²⁵¹⁰⁵

o;

'"'

"

"

'"'

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

,,.,

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

1 ...

"'

704-?~4

"' '"

!""

m

?a6-eJo

...

11085

~·

...

"'

"'

I'"

"'

"' '"

11~5

1367 156~

1'599

VT 456

VT S47

11,T 565-6<5

VT 616

VT

I

⁶⁵⁹

'"

I I I

-POO~ Oc>AllfY

-

I

I

- - - N O ~ECORQ---

I

"' I

l

-

--

^Fig. 2. Thc Jur.ttion of thc nmc scrics. The followin,!! ahbrcYÜtinns arc u<;cd: \' - vclocitv;

T - tc~rcr.lturc; 11 T - thcrmistor colblC;

- - - - curn:nt thcrmistor cabk'>; -- nincd.

mct<.·rs;

- no data ob-

.\bb. 2. D.tut:r der Zeitscricn. l"okcnJc .-\b- kürr.un\.!cn wurden ,·cncl!ldt: \ ' -~Gcschwin­

Jig:kcit~Hhtnr; T - Tcmpcr.1tur; 11 T - Thcrmi~torhcttc~ - - - - Strommesser;

- . - - TIKrmistorh:!hd; - - - - keine D.Hcn.

::-.om..: currcnt and tcmpcraturc obscn·ation.;; in thc :'llediterr.lrlC.ln outflow wc.;;t of GibraltJ.r

23

. u ^.c,.u

[cm/sec]

+20~ I 1

[ I I

-1.9 o~·wJo

_I

(v ~~ "'"'""

^{1 •}

~

_I ^'•

I I

-20 ' '

.. .,.,

^... I

⁰¹⁹¹⁰²

I I I I

I I I I I

019105

depth

[m]

552

ground

clearence

[m]

112

~,;~MtV~~~~~1~~W/ff~ ^{649 15}

Fig. 3

1.5.1971

Qh

GMT

8.5.

T

C.T

12,17

13,07

fig. 4

[oc]

• 1 r

¹

r-

¹

0

v.-.~ --1--

)

t

i

I I

1019105

~tr~~M··~~~NN.f.tl'th

_I ."'~\I

I

^I

L I I ! I

15.1971 OhGMT

8.5. 15.5. 22.5.

552 112

649 15

l~xpbn:ltiun-; f,,r fig'>. 3 4:.. Thc following ahbrn·iatiom.

arc uo;;,cd in thc fi_c.;urcs:

Erburerungen zu den .\hhildun~en 3-- -15. l-'olgcndc Ab- kürzungen wurden in tk·n ,\hhildungen verwandt:

D, \'

T

\k.111 c.\'>t and north cotnponcnt'> (rc'>p.) of thc current'>"

\Iutlcrc Ost: hz\L :\urdkomponcntc dc-;

~troms;

Dc, i.ttiono.; from

L'

and V (rcsp.);

.\ll\\cichungcn ,-!Jil D hzw. V;

mc:tn tcmpcr:tturc;

Dn·i:tti!lll fn>m T;

.\h\\'t'ichun.~l'll \'Oll·[·;

,\mp!itudc ~pcrtr.1 of thc c.t-,t and n•Jrth comp!J!lcnt-; (rcsp.) of thc currcnt.;;;

,\mp!itudcn-,pcktrum drr (hr- hzw. :\()rd- klllllptl1lC11ten l", \' dc.;; StnJmc-;;

.\mp!irud~..· spcctrum of thc IL'111pcnturc.

.\mplitudcn.,pcktrum der Tcmpcr:ltur T.

24

11,65

11,71

11,76

11,83

11,93

12,09

12,18

12,2~

H o(\',"'~ ' ' i ^{i '}

I

12,37

12,39

12,39

I I

I

uJh~ n~~In~~-·

~Jt!JI'IJUJ\i~

I I

'

^'

I I I

h~"r'M''"~',....-',....,.,r"":~""'""l'•/+-·~lt.._,.,~~Wlfll~

I

I

^I

i

I

1 , ; ~ I 1"

I ' I I

I

I

I *1

t-

1 I

depth

[m]

501

506

511

516

521

526

531

536

5~1

546

551

ground clearence

[ rrjJ 163

158

153

148

143

138

133

128

123

118

113

T

12,42

12,44

12,44

12,51

12,52

12,55

12,57

12,59

12,67

12,72

12,74

fig. 6

Some current and tempcr.1ture obserntions in thc ~leditcrrancan outflow \\'CSt of Gibralur 25

:019104

I I

I" ">l '>.r 11

"~"'t"'·~~

^F I ' I

I I I

o··••4M>•·•~ uv;y " I I ~ ~

I

'

~v~~:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~.~~~~

r~\f,}j.Jf,JW"""'..."~~""""~~~!-+-+-+-t-+-t--+--<-+-+-+­

~#;~tc·

-tl--+-+1 -+1 -+1 -lf-41-tl--ii--+-+-+1 -+1 -+-1 _,lf-i--+1--+1-+1-+1 --+--1

1.5.1971 8.5. 15.5. 22.5.

QhGMT

depth [m]

619

621

623

625

627

629

631

633

635

637

639

ground

clearence

[m]

45

43

41

39

37

35

33

31

29

27

25

26

Zt::-:K

' 100

a'3

62

^Llh

~cc) l ~ '2 t. 6 zh

["C]

l ' 210 12 4

~T

Ar

019101

195'1.

l:J-1 lQ-1

019102

~5'1.

1 ^~depth

^depth

' [m] [m]

. 501

552

10-2

m-z

~

⁵¹¹

⁰¹⁹¹⁰⁴

'0-2-

m-2

621 521

Some current and temperaturc ohscn.Hions in thc :\fcditcrr.mc.m nutflow \\·cst of Gibr.dur 27

[cm/sec]

10' 019105

l=124h

Au

[cm/sec]

10

¹

Ay

^l:12.4h !

~~- l95'/,

019102 019105~19102

~ ^100- ~~

100

1Q·1-l--~~

10·2 ~· ,----,----~~ 10·1-J----r-~-:.-~J

Fig. 9

T [oc] ^LI.T +1

10-1 v [cph] 100 10·2 10-1 v [ cph] 100

019105 019102

225.

155.

i _N

i

Okm

100

Fig. 10

020101

\

15.

=---=---:l

Okm

500

ground clearence 10,69 0 1-"--f-'+--<~ ... -1~-"""'"' ... +-'-""'=~~~~~;;iiii

-1

deplh

[m]

697

[m]

320

11,15

796

²²¹

11,62

901

116

12,62

1002

15

28

U 6U

[ern/sec]

+201

¹

~'

^'

~ 4

-6 2 o~L :l .. /lllrl~,tJt~f.j~trl~~~

. U 't{l~\1*'1 r ' ' r i

-2ol

^{I ,}

:020101

I

v

⁶

v~ ^{' ,} tA.IItv~l ^.• tJ ~ ~. •· :

-5.o ~~,f~·v~~

I

^{I I I}

ground depth clearence

[m] [m]

697 320

U 6U~ ,~ ~~fi ~

^I

:020103

-77

• [ vj

IW1~ W~.4\Jt~"f4k11hlu~ i "~nrNI .. , '·;~,'•<w.lrrio"\ 1

¹

^{~ 1 ~.Lv} ~····~rvr· ^{796 221}

-~.1 6V~:~ ~fh~t ^{: .}

I I I

'~V

^I

1 I l !

020104

M~llftm--+tt-J,: ~ ^{I ; I} ~~'~I'" ''"

-19,2

~~~~~~

fllt-lf!llt-+-i· ~~~~~~~~~ ""' "

Fig. 12

Some current and temperature obscrvations in the 1lediterranean outflü\v west of Gibraltar 29

T

~T

[oc]

+

2 t

^I

_~~II

_I ^:1

⁰²⁰¹⁰²

10,56

Oi-+-1

_,_.-!)IL,_'_4-+'>r-+"',.._,_. -<·-+·-+...,._,

...,I .... 1.._..1 ...

1_".-i-_,l._l.",..b~"'l="'~""'='l-=±lo:o±

I

-2 I

1Q57 ~~t-1 -+-f~Lr-~~~1~1 -il-f\-··~I_.L~~·~·-+~-~~~=±~~d=~~

1 0,62 ~~lt--i--f~4-+:::!f=~lt--ii.__.I-+-J...-If...ll.,..

^...

_...~~!-'1

... .±"'-"'1='1 =!oo±orl=±o±l o:o±l

10,60~ ~,_,

^-+-1

...Jiill!~-t-~'f'>..+-1

^-+I

-ii~....).J ~.

;..1 "*'I

~

... l ....

L~..._I

-'1-=±=±1 =±I

"'1'=\~'"'d;l

^::;tol

^{::;JO;; ••}

^;J;:!

10,59

10,62

10,68

10,66

10,68

10,74

10,76

Fig. 13

I I I

I I I

1 I J: Q "J I ^I l:o L ^{I I} Ia I ll I

3 );;;,

l'b.,

~r~·~

~-~··

^~I I ^' I

I I

~I

I

I

'

~J

I

'

I L

·~Vl·~lll

r

^{l I}

^{! i}

^{I I}

I I

I I

1.5.1971 8.5.

0hGMT

I I

.~

I I

I I

I ==iob=d.l

=bo±.otoltl"'"'i>.Ji~i

¹

.loiJitM.i~:.id;!:!

^t;;l•

;!:!;:::;j"~

I I

I I

I '

I I J I I

"""~~l•t ^,,,

I I

\ . ._,,.bß:#wiA~~

'

I

'

I I

I I

' '

15.5. 22.5.

depth

[m]

704

709

714

719

724

729

734

739

744

749

754

ground clearence

[m]

313

308

303

308

293

288

283

278

273

268

263

30

10 ' - , - - - , - - - - , - - - , - - - , - - - , [cm/sec] l=210 124 8362h

Au

020101

10'1

'-t--.--r'----r-l---,'---'-,---.---,-,rl

1Q•2 lQ-1 v [cph] 1QO

Fig. 14

ZENK

10' , - - - , - - , - - - , - - - , - - - , [ern/sec]

Av

I9s'!.

020103

10°

020104

1Q·1-t--.--,-Lr--1-,--L..L-,--,---,----,-l

10-2 lQ-1 v [cph] 100

Some current and temperature observations in the ::\Ieditcrranean outflow ·west of Gibraltar 31

15

020105

15

N

y

i ⁰²⁰¹⁰⁴ _y

Okm 100

1.5.

22.5

020103

22.5

y

225

Fig. 16

~T

~C] :~

⁺¹

^I

^j

^1021101

0~111-~ ~~~ ^..

¹

~.;;1\iltl~

-1~

^{I I I}

11,63

12,56

12,99

13,10

Fig. 17

~r:t1~ ^,J

^{,q +-1-I I I}

^:

^{I I}

^1021102

~ ~-\·~·

1.5.1971

Qh

GMT

I I

I \ vi dvvll? j'"H I

I I

8.5.

I I I' .y,..l

I I

15.5. '

j021103

1021104

~4-"1'~

I I I

22.5.

1.5

020101

22 5

depth

[m]

557

649

752

855

y

ground ciearence

[m]

313

221

118

15

32

^ZEXK

Fig. 18

Some current and temperature Observations in the ~[editerranean outflow west of Gibralt:l.r 33

[cm/sec) Au

101

1QO

1QO

10°

195'/o / \

021102 I 1

"'-.Tl \1\

' I

10-Z

Fig. 19

lQ-1 v [cph]

[cm/sec] l,210 12 4 6 2h Av

101

Tl

1/ \ }

}5'/, ) I ₁ 021102 Jl \' I

I

I

-- ^{; I}

021101 I

10'

021103

10'

021104

10'

100

m-z

^10-1 v [cph]

[oc] l,12 4 62h

Ar

021102

195'/, lQ-1

1Q-2

1Q-2

021104

10-2

10-2

Fig. 20

m-2

1Q-1 V [cph]

depth [m]

557

649

752

855 lQO

34

^Zr:NK

021104

1 5

Okm 100

N

i

⁰²¹¹⁰³

22 5

225 Okm 100 15

+>-+•-+1--+-> -+1--+-i -+1-+1--+-1 -+1--+> :1:;+::1 :!:1 :::1::1--+-1 +-1 -+1--+1 -+-I

-+1-~

22 5

Fi~. 21

021102

r-t---...::o;'

^{km .. - ' -1}

bo

T

~T

[oc]

11,96

12,97

12,84

12,65

Fig. 22

1 5 021101

i

Okm 50

1.5

depth

[m]

635

884

984

1085

ground clearence

[m]

465

216

116

15

Some current and temperature obsen·ations in the :\Iediterranean outflow wcst of Gibr:1ltar

U

6.U

-21,1

v

+1,5

u

-7,5

Fig. 23

022104

l\*~~1~v~ '"

I I

~~~~~~~My

I

022105

I

I

1085

35

ground clearence

[m]

506

216

116

15

36

[cm/se-<;]

Au

022101

10°

10°

022105

Fig. 24

[oc]

Ar 022101 m-,

022103

lQ-2

m-2

m-2

m-2

m-2 m-1

' [cph)

v [ cph]

depth

[m]

635

884

984

1085

[cm/sec]

Av

10° Fig. 25

022101

v [coh)

022103

Fig. 26

11,94

11,63

12,48

13,24

Fig. 27

Some currcnt and temperature observations in the i\fediterranean outflow wcst of Gibraltar 37

N

\

^{1.5 1 5}

0 km 100

1 5 22.5

645

ground clearence

[m]

212

121

68

15

38

Fig. 28

depth

[m]

448

ground

clearence

[m]

212

15

Somc current and temperature Observations in thc ).!cditcrranean outf!O\V west of Gibr:dtar 39

1 0 1 - - r - - - , c - - - , [cmlsec l = 12 4 h

Au

I

023101

10'

023102

023103

023104

1Q-1

10-2 lQ-1 v [cph] ¹⁰⁰

Fig. 29

1 0 1 , - - - , - - - , [cm/sec]

Av

1Q-1

lQ-1

1Q-1

lQ-1

023101

023103

" _'

023104

lQ-2

' , I

'..J

[oc

023101 Ar

lQ-1

10-1

1= 12 4 62 v [cph]

195"1.

dep1h

[ m]

"B

539

592

645 100

fig. 30 ^{1Q-2 lQ-1}

40

225

023101.

1 5.

20

Fig. 31

Fig. 32

N

depth

[m]

553

1568

1699

1 5

ground clearence

[m]

1161

146

15

---

Somc current and tempcrature obserntions in the :\.fediterranean outflow west of Gibralcar 41

11,34

9,25

7,03

l'ig. 33

I I

1 I I

-1

^I I I

1.5.1971

0h GMT

8.5. 15.5.

[ern/sec] L : 21 0 12_4 62h Au

101

Igs·'·

024101

v [cph] 10°

Fig. 34

I 024101 :

n_,",_-f-,rw"<'~H

I I

I I

I I

553

1568

1699

1161

146

15 29.5.

[ern/sec] _1:210124 62h

A, 10'

I

I Igs·'·

024101

" [cph] 10°

42

U L'.U

[cm/sec]

ZENK

+20~1

-5,4 0 :IV\"'" k,._.~J~l·

^{I I)}

,~~-,-"'V; ... ~N~~ .~i 0241~02 ~ ^:

_ 20

^{LI I}

~

^{'(" \ :} I ^: I

T

11,43

11,15

11,26

11,61

1.5.1971 Oh GMT

3.5.

~i•·nl/~~

_I

il'j"'NI '

^I

I I I

024102

29.5.

depth

[m]

758

963

1155

1367

ground clearence

[m]

956

751

559

347

758 956

963 751

1155 559

1367 347

l'ig. 35

Fig. 36

Some current and temperature observations in the ~fediterranean outflow wcst of Gibtaltar 43

10° depth

[oc] ^l:o12.4 6.2 h

[oc] [m] ^12.4h

Ar 024101

10-1

I95'1.

Ar

195'1.

10-¹ depth

[m) 553 10-2

10-1

1568

1699

024106

." [cph] 10° 10-2 1Q-1 ." [cph]

Fig. 37 Fig. 38

101 101

l:12.4 62

024102

^{l = 12 4}

[cm/sec]

024102

[cm/secJ

Au Av

021.103

195'1.

195°/o

10° 10°

10°

10°

10°

Fig. 39 ^{v [cph] 10° v [cph] 10°}

ZE~K

024101

---=

Okm 20 Okm 20

N ..._____

1.5.

024108

Okm 5

024102

= - -

=

Okm 50

29.5. - 1 . 5 .

Some current and temperature observations in thc ~lcditerrancan outflow wcst of Gibnltar 45

V _-4,7 6V~ ¹

_I

_. ~ ~~·~jl>.cMH~~

_·~-

·"r····rf,.,r,,,. .. ^I

_I ^~,"'

i

^I _' ^~Yfrr··~ _.

i

_I

I

! I 1 I

025105

~2.1/::,VH~~~w~~~~A~~~"'~~+Wr~t~~~

1.aw~ ~

s na

Oh GMT

41

ground clearence

[m] 218

46

T

~T

[oc]

+1 13,48

13.75

13,63

13,55

Fig. 42

I I

I

I

I I

-v.i\J<- -<=L4w'• ·

^I

~ r

1.5.1971

Qh

GMT

I

I I

8.5.

I

I

1---~

15.5.

025102 :

I

. ^{... .."}

I I

I

I I I I

025104

025105

22.5.

depth

[m]

456

547

616

659

ground clearence

[m]

218

127

58

15

Some current and tcmperature obser..-ations in the .).[editcrranean outflow \Vcst of Gibraltar 47

T

~T

[oc]

+0,5

025103

13,67 0 r-"t~f+~~~~+-'-+---+-"->'r"-w~~rl~~

13,69

13,69

13,66

13,63

13,64

13,62

13,61

13,63

13,70

Fig. 43

I I

\'IJ;~i

·~~·~·~·../M

I I I

I I I

~

^{' \ I I I I I I I I}

~~~~,MI

I I I I

I \ I I

I I I

I I I

~I I

I I

..

^,

I t

Af1

I 1 I ;

I J1 1

h

^{I 1Jl A}

·r<o~'~ \..,.'-/··~''''I

~I

^{I I}

I

I

^{I I}

!

^{1 I I}

I I

I I

I I

~ WJ'"i ~-·~~~"('~"

^{1 I V\ j I}

I I

I I

I I I

I I

n\

I I

u,.

^I,

~jJ~ t~~

'I"I;Jo'v'!

PI

^{I I} I I !...po'J'I~ ^{I I I}

• I

I

1

I

^I

I I I

I I

1.5.1971 8.5. 15.5. 22.5.

QhGMT

depth

[m]

565

570

575

580

585

590

595

600

605

610

615

ground clearence

[m]

109

104

99

94

89

84

79

74

69

64

59

48

[cmts~

Au 10¹

025101

Fig. 44

225

Fig. 45

N

V [c:ph]

ZENK

[cmlse~

Ay 101

025101

v [cph]

--

- 025105

+

-H\<-++-+--I-.,_.-1r+-t-i-+--!-++' ,....,

l I I \-'1 :H-1 -+-'1--r\+1 5

'• ' : \ ' I Ii

225

1

0 km

100