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(1)

SMOS

Uni Bonn contributions to SMOS Validation

Ralf Lindau

Bonn University

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SMOS

Bonn contributions

Detection of Radio Frequency Interference

- Found in SMMR, AMSR etc.

- Expected also in SMOS

Comparison of SMOS soil moisture with existing data

- Direct measurements from GSMDB - AMSR-derived SM

Pixel-intern variance

- Necessary to interprete the intended validations with point measurements properly.

- build and operate a transportable polarized L-Band radiometer

Investigate signal noise due to rain and vegetation

(3)

SMOS

Radio Frequency Interference

Time series of 6 GHz

brightness temperature from SMMR in France

Until 1981 the normal annual cycle is found.

After 1981 the 6 Ghz signal is

completely unusable due to

noise.

(4)

SMOS

SMMR RFI in 6 GHz

The scatter is low in Sibiria, increases westward and

reaches maximum values near St.

Petersburg

(5)

SMOS

ASMR RFI

In Europe the 10 GHz channel is completely noisy in England and Italy.

In the USA the 6 GHz measurements

(6)

SMOS

AMSR 10 GHz RFI

• RFI is detectable by

• high monthly averages

• high monthly stddev.

250 K

300 K

(7)

SMOS

Simple RFI Scheme

TB > 260 K

Stddev > 5 K

TB > 20 K

compared to a 10° x 30°

surrounding

(8)

SMOS

Soil Moisture from AMSR

Longtime mean + 10-day anomalies

(9)

SMOS

2-Step Retrieval

(10)

SMOS

Pixel-intern Variance

Belarussian soil moisture data

21 stations, 10 daily during about 10 years

Average spatially and compare the reduced variance to the total variance

40% are left for 400-km-Pixels 59% are left for SMMR-Pixels

The left external variance is equal to the maximum correlation between point measurements and area

averages

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