Fatty acid composition of the gestation and Fatty acid composition of the gestation and

Fatty acid composition of the gestation and Fatty acid composition of the gestation and

lactation diet affects the fatty acid lactation diet affects the fatty acid composition of the

composition of the backfat backfat of the progeny of the progeny

Giuseppe Bee

Agroscope Liebefeld-Posieux, Research Station (ALP),

Posieux, Switzerland

Introduction Introduction

Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue lipids closely related to dietary fatty acid intake

– main impact related to dietary PUFA intake

de novo lipogenesis

desaturation activity

Increased unsaturation level of the adipose tissue

– lower oxidative stability

– decreased firmness

Swiss specialty: fat quality impacts prize of the carcass

Introduction Introduction

Fatty acid composition of gestation and lactation diets

– affect adipose tissue of new born piglets

number of pre-adipocytes

size of adipocytes

– effect persists in slaughter pigs at 100 kg BW

Open questions Open questions

Fatty acid composition of the gestation and lactation affects

– growth performance and carcass characteristics

– adipose tissue fatty acid composition of the progeny

Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue depends on

– the fatty acid composition of the post- and prenatal diet

Experimental design

Experimental design – – gestation & lactation gestation & lactation

8 sows 8 sows

coconut fat (CF)

soy oil (SO)

4 gilts/sow 4 gilts/sow

(N = 32)

4 gilts/sow 4 gilts/sow

(N = 32) selected

at weaning

Experimental design

Experimental design – – growth trial growth trial

4 gilts/sow 4 gilts/sow

(N = 32)

4 gilts/sow 4 gilts/sow

(N = 32) starter

and grower period

(9 (9 – – 63 kg BW) 63 kg BW)

finisher period

(63 – (63 – 106 kg BW) 106 kg BW)

2 gilts

(N = 16)

2 gilts

(N = 16)

2 gilts

(N = 16)

2 gilts

(N = 16)

diet A diet A SFA: 25.8%

MUFA: 26.6%

PUFA: 47.6%

diet B SFA: 28.8%

MUFA: 25.1%

PUFA: 46.1%

Growth trail, carcass measurements Growth trail, carcass measurements

and sample analysis and sample analysis

Growth performance

• ADWG

• ADFI

• Feed efficiency

Carcass characteristic

• Hot carcass weight

• Carcass yield

• Lean meat percentage

• Back fat percentage

• Organ weights

Adipose tissue

• fatty acid composition

Growth performance

Growth performance – – maternal effect maternal effect

ADG

(grower period)

CF SO

g /d

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

P = 0.15

ADG

(finisher period)

CF SO

g /d

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

P = 0.08

ADG

(grower-finisher period)

CF SO

g /d

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

P = 0.08

Growth performance

Growth performance – – maternal effect maternal effect

G/F ratio

(grower period)

CF SO

k g /k g

0.30 0.35 0.40

0.45 P = 0.28

G/F ratio

(finisher period)

CF SO

k g /k g

0.30 0.35 0.40

0.45 P = 0.04

G/F ratio

(grower-finisher period)

CF SO

k g /k g

0.30 0.35 0.40

0.45 P = 0.06

Carcass characteristics

Carcass characteristics – – finisher diet effect finisher diet effect

Percentage lean meat

A B

%

55 56 57 58 59

60 P = 0.09

Percentage subcutaneous fat

A B

%

10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0

12.5 P = 0.08

Percentage shoulder

A B

%

12.0 12.5 13.0

13.5 P = 0.01

Carcass characteristics

Carcass characteristics – – finisher diet effect finisher diet effect

Carcass yield

A B

%

80 81 82

83 P = 0.02

Liver

A B

g

1300 1400 1500

1600 P = 0.02

Heart

A B

g

400 410 420 430

440 P = 0.05

Kidney

A B

g

240 280

320 P = 0.05

Fatty acid composition of the adipose Fatty acid composition of the adipose

tissue

tissue – – finisher diet effect finisher diet effect

SFA

A B

%

36 38 40

42 P = 0.01

MUFA

A B

%

38 40 42

44 P < 0.01

PUFA

A B

%

16 18 20

P < 0.01

finisher diet finisher diet

x x

maternal diet maternal diet interaction:

interaction:

P P = 0.03 = 0.03

finisher diet finisher diet

x x

maternal diet maternal diet

interaction:

interaction:

P P = 0.04 = 0.04

SFA

A B A B

%

36 38 40

42 b

a ab ab

PUFA

A B A B

%

16 17 18 19 20 21

a

b

c c

Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue

– – finisher diet x maternal diet interaction finisher diet x maternal diet interaction

CF SO

CF SO

Fatty acid composition of the adipose Fatty acid composition of the adipose

tissue

tissue – – dietary effect dietary effect

C16:0

A B

%

20 22

24 P < 0.01

C16:1n-7

A B

%

1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

2.2 P < 0.01

C18:1n-9

A B

%

36 38

40 P < 0.01

C18:2n-6

A B

%

14 16

18 P < 0.01

finisher diet finisher diet

x x

maternal diet maternal diet interaction:

interaction:

P P < 0.01 < 0.01

finisher diet finisher diet

x x

maternal diet maternal diet interaction:

interaction:

P P = 0.05 = 0.05

Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue

– – finisher diet x maternal diet interaction finisher diet x maternal diet interaction

C16:0

A B A B

%

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

b

ab

a ab

C18:2n-6

A B A B

%

12 14 16 18

a

b

c c

CF SO

CF SO

Conclusions Conclusions

Maternal diet tended to affect growth performance

– ADWG

– feed efficiency

Degree of saturation of the finisher diet affected

– carcass yield

– carcass characteristics

– fatty acid profile of the adipose tissue

Conclusions Conclusions

Effect of fatty acids of the postnatal diets differs depending on the fatty acid composition of the maternal diet

– de novo lipogenesis?

– desaturation activity?

– incorporation rate of PUFA?

Thank you for your attention Thank

Thank you you for your attention for your attention