climate.
2.3 Scenario-based assessment and management strate-
many aquifers. Therefore, managed aquifer recharge (MAR) will likely gain relevance since aquifers can effectively and cheaply store water. Several MAR techniques aim to increase the rainfall-recharge efficiency by collecting surface runoff and supplying it to groundwater storage through percolation dams and infiltration galleries (see Fig. 2.9). In addition, surplus from seawater desalinization is increasingly utilized to replenish groundwater storage through MAR (e.g.,Dahlkeet al., 2018;Ganotet al., 2017). Here, MAR is a measure to make provisions that allow compensating future temporary deficits in water supply, for instance, due to droughts or downtimes of desalinization plants. Various concepts of MAR are summarized in Fig. 2.9.
well injection
and recovery bank filtration infiltration pond
percolation dam recharge release rainfall harvesting/
infiltration gallery
Figure 2.9: Schematic illustrations of selected managed aquifer recharge (MAR) techniques (modified afterDillon,2005).
Another opposing management concept is applied, for example, in the karst catchment Lez, located in France. Here, the aquifer is intentionally overpumped in the dry summer months to dry out the Lez spring and create a depression several meters below the natural discharge point (Fleuryet al.,2009). This way, flooding in the rainy months of autumn and winter can be avoided since heavy rainfall events first replenish the aquifer storage. Such management schemes allow the utilization of the full storage potential and reduce water losses during flood events; however, at the same time, the constant provision of the spring-fed Lez river can be ensured by allocating a particular share of the pumped groundwater to the river. The optimal management scheme depends primarily on the hydrogeological conditions.
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